Mediated through the brainstem Axon reflexes may occur through sensory nerves alone AXON REFLEXES: Substance P , vasodilator , transmit this reflex Initiated by mechanical irritaion or via histamine from
Various sites: carotid body, glomus vagale, and glomus tympanicum tumors. Hereditary pattern: It shows autosomal dominant inheritance with variable penetrance. Endocrine activity: Even though these tumors are considered non chromaffin paragangliomas
Ultrasound is defined as sound a frequency above the upper length of normal hearing (ULKHZ) Ultrasound image are formed from the reflected sound waves(2.5-30 MHz ). Sound waves are generated