PRE-OPERATIVE INVESTIGATIONS

• These are the investigations that are done before patient goes to theater.

FULL BLOOD COUNT

• All patients who are fit and well must have at least full blood count done before they go to theater, specially to check Hemoglobin levels.
• Normal Hb (>11.3g/dl in women / >13.5g/dl in men)
• There are two types of operations:

1. Emergency operation

-Even if Hb is low, always proceed with emergency operations

– If Hb <8g/dl then transfuse and stabilize first before proceeding

2. Elective or planned operation

-Only proceed if Hb>10g/dl

-If Hb<10 g/dl then defer the operation and investigate first .

-If Hb< 8g/dl you must also transfuse.

Note: If the Hb is < 8g/dl= do blood transfusion

ECG

• If you suspect atrial fibrillation (irregular pulse)  or if there is a history of atrial fibrillation.

ECHOCARDIOGRAM:

• I f there are signs of left ventricular failure or valvular disease.

NOTE: If it there are severe symptoms and findings, refer for specialist opinion.

BLOOD GLUCOSE :

• If one has a history of diabetes in family or other morbid factors.

MONITORING OF BLOOD PRESSURE:

• If there is history or findings of hypertension.

RESPIRATORY FUNCTION TEST:

• If patients has asthma or COPD

CHEST X-RAY:

• If the patient has symptoms of cardio-respiratory dysfunction or the age is above 65 years.

OTHER TESTS:

1. Sickle cell test: Since sickle cell disease is common in Afro-caribbean race all Afro-caribbean patients must undergo this test.
2. HIV test: Please do not forget to take consent before you perform this test and always consider it if the patient is Iv drug abuser or homosexual.
3. Clotting Screen: If there is history of easy bleeding after minor procedures like dental extraction.

 

Tags: BLOOD TRANSFUSION, DENTAL, DIABETES, ECG, ECHO, ELECTIVE, EMERGENCY, ENT, GYNAECOLOGY, HAEMOGLOBIN, HIV, OBSTRETICS, ORTHOPAEDICS, PLAB, PRE-OPERATIVE INVESTIGATIONS, PREOPERATIVE INVESTIGATIONS, PREOPERATIVE PREPARATION, RESPIRATORY FUNCTION TEST, SICKLE CELL TEST, SURGERY, TYPE OF OPERATIONS